Introduction to Penalty Kicks
The penalty kick is the most pressure-packed scoring opportunity in soccer, where a player has a one-on-one duel with the goalkeeper. It may seem straightforward, but the rules and strategies surrounding penalty kicks are complex.
Definition of a Penalty Kick
A penalty kick, or 'PK,' is a direct kick from the penalty spot, where a field player tries to score against the goalkeeper. This opportunity arises when a foul, such as tripping, pushing, or a handball, occurs inside the penalty area.
Awarding a Penalty Kick
A penalty kick is awarded when a player commits a foul inside the 18-yard penalty area, which has a total width of 44 yards. This can happen during the run of play or after a Video Assistant Referee check.
Designated Penalty Taker
The designated penalty taker is usually chosen based on their ability to score from the penalty spot. For example, Harry Kane, England's active leading goalscorer, is often the designated penalty taker for his team.
Penalty Spot Distance
The penalty spot is 12 yards from the center of the goal line, giving the penalty taker a relatively short distance to score.
Rules for the Penalty Taker
The penalty taker has the freedom to use feinting tactics to confuse the goalkeeper, but they must avoid illegal feinting, which can result in a caution and an indirect free kick for the opposing team.
If the penalty taker makes contact with the ball more than once during their attempt and scores, the penalty kick will be retaken. If they miss, it will be recorded as a miss and play will resume.
Rules for the Goalkeeper
The goalkeeper must follow three key rules: face the kicker, stay between the goalposts, and keep at least one foot on or over the goal line until the kick.
If the goalkeeper leaves their line during a penalty attempt and the attempt is unsuccessful, it will be retaken. If the attempt is successful, it will result in a goal. Goalkeepers are also not allowed to touch the goalposts, crossbar, or netting as an intimidation tactic or engage in trash-talking.
Frequency of Penalty Kicks
At the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, there were 23 penalty kicks awarded, which was six fewer than in 2018. Argentina led all countries in penalty attempts with five, and its designated penalty taker, Lionel Messi, converted all five attempts.
2026 FIFA World Cup Details
The 2026 FIFA World Cup will take place from June 11 to July 19, 2026, with the final match on July 19 at New York New Jersey Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. All 104 tournament matches will air live on FOX and FS1, with every match streaming live and on-demand within the FOX One and FOX Sports apps.
